Economic expansion and innovation: A comprehensive analysis of Pakistan's path to technological excellence.

To encourage technological and industrial innovation, nations worldwide implement "re-industrialization" and "manufacturing return." This study investigates the relationship between GDP growth, expenditure on research and development, and medium- to high-tech as a percentage of manufactured exports on technological innovation in Pakistan. We evaluated long-run and short-run causal relationships using the ARDL, bound-F test, and ECM regression. The study found a positive relationship between GDP growth and technological innovation in the short and long run. In the short run, with a one-year lag, the analysis reveals a positive and statistically significant relationship between technological innovation, medium-high-tech exports, and GDP growth. In the long run, R&D is positive and significant, while economic growth and technological innovation are positive but not statistically significant. There is a 0.38 percent chance that exogenous shocks will eventually lead to equilibrium in the long run. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended to allocate resources to research and development, promoting collaborative initiatives, ensuring intellectual property rights, and developing a skilled workforce.

The evolving role of social media in enhancing quality of life: a global perspective across 10 countries.

BACKGROUND: Excessive or inappropriate use of social media has been linked to disruptions in regular work, well-being, mental health, and overall reduction of quality of life. However, a limited number of studies documenting the impact of social media on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are available globally. AIM: This study aimed to explore the perceived social media needs and their impact on the quality of life among the adult population of various selected countries. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional, quantitative design and analytical study utilized an online survey disseminated from November to December 2021. RESULTS: A total of 6689 respondents from ten countries participated in the study. The largest number of respondents was from Malaysia (23.9%), followed by Bangladesh (15.5%), Georgia (14.8%), and Turkey (12.2%). The prevalence of social media users was over 90% in Austria, Georgia, Myanmar, Nigeria, and the Philippines. The majority of social media users were from the 18-24 age group. Multiple regression analysis showed that higher education level was positively correlated with all four domains of WHOQoL. In addition, the psychological health domain of quality of life was positively associated in all countries. Predictors among Social Media Needs, Affective Needs (ß = -0.07), and Social Integrative Needs (ß = 0.09) were significantly associated with psychological health. CONCLUSION: The study illuminates the positive correlation between higher education levels and improved life quality among social media users, highlighting an opportunity for policymakers to craft education-focused initiatives that enhance well-being. The findings call for strategic interventions to safeguard the mental health of the global social media populace, particularly those at educational and health disadvantages.

Influential Factors on Student Satisfaction in High School Sports Education: Unravelling the Roles of Instructor Empathy, System Quality, and Reputation / Factores influyentes en la satisfacción de los estudiantes en la educación deportiva en la escuela secundaria: desentrañando los roles de la empatía de los instructores, la calidad del sistema y la reputación

The positive impact of sports education programmes in promoting the physical and emotional well-being of students has been firmly proven. However, it is important to comprehend the aspects that lead to student happiness in these programmes in order to guarantee successful execution and favourable results. The present study seeks to examine the impact of instructor empathy, system quality, and reputation on student happiness within the context of sports education programmes offered in high schools in Indonesia. The Privietlab Research Institute administered an online questionnaire to students, resulting in the collection of 364 valid responses. The data was analysed and the study hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling (SEM). The results of the study indicate that there is a strong and positive relationship between instructor empathy and system quality on reputation. Additionally, reputation was found to have a major beneficial influence on student satisfaction. The findings highlight the significance of instructor empathy, system quality, and reputation in augmenting student satisfaction within sports education programs. Therefore, this research offers significant contributions for educators, school administrators, and policymakers, underscoring the importance of prioritizing these aspects in order to guarantee a superior sports education experience for children in Indonesia.(AU)

Sustaining the Earth: Unraveling the Synergy of Workplace Spirituality, Responsible Leadership, and Pro-Environmental Behavior in Pakistan's SMEs.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the synergistic impact of workplace spirituality (WPS), responsible leadership (RL), and pro-environmental behavior (PEB) within the context of Pakistan's Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) along with the mediating mechanism of Affective commitment (AC). Methods: Our study utilizes structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze survey data collected from 390 employees within Pakistani SMEs. We develop a single unified framework to test the hypothesized relationships between RL, PEB, and AC as a mediator. Results: Our results unveil significant positive relationships between WPS, RL, and PEB. Our findings endorse both the direct connections between WPS, RL, and PEB, as well as the mediating mechanisms through AC. This study offers novel insights into the influence of PEB in the context of Pakistan's SMEs. Conclusion: The research significantly contributes to the existing literature by examining WPS, RL, PEB, and AC in the context of Pakistan's SMEs. The study's conclusions emphasize the potential benefits of integrating WPS and RL into business practices to encourage PEB. Additionally, we discuss the limitations of our research and suggest future avenues for further exploration in this vital area of sustainable business management.

Climate Change and Aging Health in Developing Countries.

The climate of the Earth has changed throughout history. Climate change negatively impacts human rights in a wide range of ways. The study aims to find out the impact of climate change on aging health in developing countries. The study found that public health will be devastated if climate change continues unabated. Countries that are least responsible for global warming are most susceptible to the effects of higher temperatures, such as death and disease. In low- and middle-income countries, disasters are more likely to happen to people aged 60 and over. Although climate change affects all of us, older people are especially at risk from it, as evidenced by a growing body of research. The study also offers countermeasures and suggestions to develop aging health in developing countries affected by climate change.

A bibliometric approach to understanding the recent development of self-sufficient fish feed production utilizing agri-food wastes and by-products towards sustainable aquaculture.

The global agri-food industry generates a large volume of waste annually, which causes both environmental and economic problems. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the use of agri-food wastes and by-products to produce self-sufficient fish feed. This study aimed to analyze the intellectual structure of the recent research on the utilization of agri-food wastes and by-products as self-sufficient fish feed materials based on 922 Scopus-indexed core collection documents from 252 journals written by 4420 authors from 73 countries with an annual growth rate of 18.65% over the last four years (2019-2022). This bibliometric study implemented knowledge domain visualization (KDV) using VOSViewer and Biblioshiny in the Bibliometrix R-package to investigate the basic scientometric profile of the selected fields. The results showed that Dawood M.A.O., with PageRanks of 0.0732, 19 total publications, 695 global citations from 2019 to 2022, and closeness values of 0.25, was the most productive author within the field. Subsequently, China was determined to be the most productive country (93 valid documents) and have the strongest collaboration network. Major research hotspots in the field included aquaculture and sustainable aquaculture, fish feed with agri-food waste, rainbow trout species, the development of a circular economy, probiotic applications, and cell signaling cytokines and peptides. This bibliometric study provides comprehensive information on the intellectual domain and research landscape on self-sufficient fish feed and also shows how interest in this research topic and similar ones is growing.

The effect of voluntary disclosure on financial performance: Empirical study on manufacturing industry in Indonesia.

The manufacturing sector's adherence to managing natural resources from the environment still needs to be improved. This study's objective is to determine how Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) influences the financial performance of manufacturing firms featured in the LQ45 Index, as measured by Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Net Profit Margin (NPM). All manufacturing companies that are included in the LQ45 Index's population for this study were sampled using the purposive sampling method. This study uses secondary data from the CSRI based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) G4 standard for 2018-2020 and the annual reports of companies in the manufacturing industry sector listed on the LQ45 Index. Moreover, applying a quantitative methodology, descriptive statistical methods, conventional assumption tests, and simple linear regression analysis were applied in this study's data analysis. The results of the study proved that CSR has a significant effect on ROA but does not affect the ROE and NPM of LQ45 manufacturing companies. In accordance with the signaling theory, CSR disclosure sends a favourable message to outsiders, which stakeholders and shareholders will respond to through changes in business earnings. CSR implementation can establish a positive image for the company, but it can also improve the company's image in both the commodity and capital markets. Investors will be more attracted to a company with a positive corporate image since a positive corporate image increases consumer loyalty. As consumer loyalty rises, the company's sales will likewise rise, and its profitability will increase as a result. This paper opens a new research path in corporate social responsibility and financial performance for possible links among variables; a matter that has not been previously explored in Indonesia Manufacturing Public Companies.

A cross-sectional study factors associated with resilience among medical staff in radiology departments during COVID-19, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to assess the level of resilience of medical workers in radiology departments in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, during the COVID-19 outbreak and to explore associated factors. SETTING: Medical staff, including nurses, technicians, radiology specialists and physicians, working in radiology departments at government hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 outbreak. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: The study was conducted among 375 medical workers in radiology departments in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The data collection took place from 15 February 2022 to 31 March 2022. RESULTS: The total resilience score was 29.37±6.760 and the scores of each dimension showed that the higher mean score was observed in the domain of 'flexibility', while the lowest was observed in 'maintaining attention under stress'. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between resilience and perceived stress (r=-0.498, p<0.001). Finally, based on multiple linear regression analysis, factors affecting resilience among participants are the availability of psychological hotline (available, B=2.604, p<0.050), knowledge of COVID-19 protective measures (part of understanding, B=-5.283, p<0.001), availability of adequate protective materials (partial shortage, B=-2.237, p<0.050), stress (B=-0.837, p<0.001) and education (postgraduate, B=-1.812, p<0.050). CONCLUSIONS: This study sheds light on the level of resilience and the factors that contribute to resilience in radiology medical staff. Moderate levels of resilience call for health administrators to focus on developing strategies that can effectively help cope with workplace adversities.

Do Social Factors Contribute to International Sports Performance: A Panel Data Analysis of Countries' Performance in the Asian Games / ¿Contribuyen los factores sociales al rendimiento deportivo internacional? Un análisis de datos de panel del rendimiento de los países en los Juegos Asiáticos

Asia has become a leader in international sports championships, which justifies a greater emphasis on the region's sporting achievements. However, different economic, political, and social elements influence the region's performance since deteriorating social or economic systems can harm performance. This study examined the impact of social factors on the international athletic performance of Asian nations. To do so, we analyzed the effect of health expenditure, education expenditure, and development on sports performance from 1961 to 2018 while adjusting for gross domestic product and population growth. The data was evaluated using VAR, and the study's conclusions demonstrated a considerable correlation between social growth and national sporting performance. The paper includes recommendations for further research and consequences for the government and policymakers.(AU)

Does Political Governance Influence the Sports Performance of Asia? / ¿La gobernanza política influye en el rendimiento deportivo de Asia?

National sports are highly valued throughout Asia, yet, political and administrative concerns impede the expansion of the sport system landscape. This study aims to investigate the effect of political governance structure on Asian sporting performance. To accomplish so, we analyzed the relationship between corruption control, government effectiveness, political stability, regulatory law, and national sports performance from 1998 to 2018 while controlling for the rule of law and accountability. The Generalized Linear Model and Partial Least Square estimators were utilized to examine the data. No significant association was observed between political and governance structure and national sports performance in the Asian countries under examination, according to the study's findings. The paper includes recommendations for further research and consequences for the government and policymakers.(AU)

Do Social Factors Contribute to International Sports Performance: A Panel Data Analysis of Countries' Performance in the Asian Games / ¿Contribuyen los factores sociales al rendimiento deportivo internacional? Un análisis de datos de panel del rendimiento de los países en los Juegos Asiáticos

Asia has become a leader in international sports championships, which justifies a greater emphasis on the region's sporting achievements. However, different economic, political, and social elements influence the region's performance since deteriorating social or economic systems can harm performance. This study examined the impact of social factors on the international athletic performance of Asian nations. To do so, we analyzed the effect of health expenditure, education expenditure, and development on sports performance from 1961 to 2018 while adjusting for gross domestic product and population growth. The data was evaluated using VAR, and the study's conclusions demonstrated a considerable correlation between social growth and national sporting performance. The paper includes recommendations for further research and consequences for the government and policymakers.(AU)

Investigating the Association Between Economic Conditions and Sports Performance in Asia: A Panel Data Approach / Investigación de la asociación entre las condiciones económicas y el rendimiento deportivo en Asia: un enfoque de datos de panel

Knowing the factors that influence a nation's sporting performance can aid in formulating appropriate policies and plans. This study examines the relationship between gross domestic product, population, total debt, inflation, and trade as a proportion of GDP for eleven Asian nations from 1998 to 2018. Panel unit root tests, cointegration tests, and finally, Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMLOS) were used to examine the relationships between the variables. The panel results revealed that GDP and TRD favorably and significantly impact national sports performance, whereas POP and TD have a negative impact. INF was discovered to have a negligible effect on national athletic performance. Hence, we suggest that Asian nations take appropriate measures to boost national sporting achievements.(AU)

Decomposed and composed effects of economic freedom on economic growth in south Asia.

It is frequently asserted that high levels of economic growth are supported by economic freedom. For the period 1995-2021, this study examines the influence of the composed economic freedom index and several subcomponents of economic freedom on the economic growth of four South Asian economies, namely Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The Ordinary Least Squares, Random Effect Model, and Robust Least Squares approaches are utilized to estimate the composed and decomposed influence of economic freedom on economic growth. Robust Least Squares reflects the robustness of the connection between economic liberty and growth. According to the results of these tests, economic liberty has a strong and favorable stimulus on growth. When the different indicators of economic liberty are evaluated independently, we discovered that the magnitudes of most economic freedom indicators are significant. Conversely, monetary freedom contributes very little to economic expansion. The effects of government spending, public trust, and labor flexibility on economic expansion are hypothetical. The tax load hinders economic expansion in the economies under consideration. Property rights, freedom to do business, trade liberty, investment choice, and financial liberty all have a positive, strong, and sizeable stimulus on economic growth. The decomposed influence of each indicator of economic freedom will help develop policy choices.

The role of knowledge management and sharing in cooperatives practices toward National Economic Recovery in the COVID-19 pandemic era.

The National Economic Recovery (NER) Program is one of the responses initiated by the government in Indonesia's economic recovery due to the impact of COVID-19, the target is to reduce the activities of affected communities, including cooperatives. One of the priority aspects for the program to run well and smoothly is the role of institutions in knowledge management and process sharing. This paper examines the role of knowledge management and sharing in cooperatives with qualitative limitations at the knowledge process level, knowledge design level, strategic interaction level, social participation level, academic and scientific ecosystem level, and network and partnership level. A qualitative description becomes a research method with secondary data in the form of a comparison of cooperatives in 2019-2021 as a representation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 secondary data for 20 months from April 2020 to September 2022 in Indonesia dynamically also support sharpening the analysis. The source of cooperative data is from the publications of the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs, while the source of COVID-19 data comes from the publication of the COVID-19 Task Force. The analysis is carried out by building qualitative aspects into quantitative ones that can be formulated in the form of cooperative applications. The result is that the application of the knowledge process level, knowledge design level, strategic interaction level, social participation level, academic and scientific ecosystem level, and network and partnership level can improve decision-making, capture, share, and measure institutional knowledge for the success of the NER Program.

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Globalization and employment nexus: Moderating role of human capital.

While globalization has increased the movement and interconnection of goods, technology, and information, it has also affected employment. Many studies have analyzed the impact of globalization on employment creation resulting in positive and negative findings. However, an area of literature still needs to be explored studying how human capital affects the impact of globalization on employment creation. The current study contributes to the literature by analyzing the moderating role of human capital in the globalization-employment nexus in 26 Asian countries. For this, annual panel data were collected from 1996 to 2019. The estimations have been done using 12 model specifications, 6 for direct and 6 for indirect impact association between globalization and employment through the human capital channel. The study uses generalized least square (GLS) method and generalized method of moments (GMM) for empirical analysis. The static and dynamic analysis shows that globalization's direct and indirect impact on employment through the channel of human capital is positive. Industrial value added and economic growth leads to more employment creation, whereas population growth dampens it. Human capital plays a positive role in getting the advantage of globalization in terms of employment creation. This study confirms the literature recommendations of promoting human capital development to achieve globalization's benefits for more employment creation.

Infodemiology on diet and weight loss behavior before and during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: Implication for public health promotion.

Objective: This study set out to explore public interest through information search trends on diet and weight loss before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Methods: The Google Trends database was evaluated for the relative internet search popularity on diet-related search terms, including top and rising diet-related terms. The search range was before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2018 to January 2022) in the Indonesia region. We analyzed the Relative Search Volume (RSV) data using line charts, correlation, and comparison tests. Results: Search queries of "lose weight" was higher during the pandemic (58.34 ± 9.70 vs. 68.69 ± 7.72; p<0.05). No difference was found in diet-related searches before and after the pandemic. Public interest in the diet was higher after Eid al-Fitr (Muslims break fasting celebration day) and after the new year. Many fad diet (FD) terms were found on the top and rising terms. Conclusion: After Eid al-Fitr and the new year were susceptible times for promoting a healthy diet in Indonesia. Potential need found before those times for education in inserting healthy food among fatty and sugary menus related to holidays and celebrations. Higher interest in "lose weight" was relevant to heightened obesity risk during the social restriction and heightened COVID-19 morbidity and mortality due to obesity. The high interest for rapid weight loss through FD needs to be resolved by promoting healthy diets with a more captivating message and messenger, like consistently using top terms in the keywords of the official healthy diet guidance. Future research could explore the relationship between diet and other behavior or with non-communicable diseases.

The effect of global price movements on the energy sector commodity on bitcoin price movement during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study aims to determine the effect of global price movements for energy sector commodities, especially Crude Oil and Natural Gas Prices, on cryptocurrency price movements. This study focuses more on the Bitcoin cryptocurrency. This study uses quantitative methods, and the data collection used is secondary data with weekly data and the period from January 1, 2020-July 31, 2021. The number of observations used in this study amounted to 79 observations. Secondary data sources are obtained through the website finance.yahoo.com. The data processing technique will be carried out using Stata and SPSS software, the Multiple Linear Regression method, and the Classical Assumption Test. The results of this study show that global prices for energy sector commodities, especially Crude Oil, Natural Gas, have a positive effect on Bitcoin price movements. These results indicate a link between energy and Bitcoin caused by Bitcoin miners who are mining Bitcoin using energy so that when the price of Bitcoin rises, the price of energy will also increase.

Moderating Effect of Ethical Climate between the Relationship of Coach Ethical Leadership and Affective Commitment: An Evidence from Thailand Nonprofessional Soccer Player / Efecto moderador del clima ético entre la relación del liderazgo ético del entrenador y el compromiso afectivo: una evidencia de un jugador de fútbol no profesional de Tailandia

A multitude of ethical dilemmas perpetually besets non-professional soccer. It is believed that coaches can be beneficial in preventing unethical behavior. Therefore, this study examines the moderating effect of perceived ethical climate on the relationship between coach ethical leadership and the affective commitment of non-professional soccer players. A convenient sampling technique was utilized to collect data from 300 amateur Thai soccer players for this purpose. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) demonstrated that the direct effect of player-perceived coach ethical leadership and player-perceived ethical climate has a significant and positive relationship with affective commitment. The indirect impact of the critical findings indicates that players' perceptions of the ethical environment moderate the relationship between their perceptions of the ethical leadership of their coaches and their affective commitment. These findings suggest that ethical climate is integral because it significantly mediates exogenous and endogenous variables. Therefore, this moderating effect relationship is a significant contribution to the study. This study could assist athletes and clubs in understanding the significance of coaching ethical leadership and ethical climate in enhancing the affective commitment of non-professional athletes.(AU)

The Leadership, Trust, and Openness to Experience as Antecedents of Performance of Sports Manufacturing Firms of Thailand, Exploring the Mediating Role of Team Cohesion / El liderazgo, la confianza y la apertura a la experiencia como antecedentes del desempeño de las empresas de fabricación de deportes de Tailandia, explorando el papel mediador de la cohesión del equipo

The performance of the organizations needs to be measured. This study aimed to determine the relationship between openness, trust, leadership, team cohesion, and organizational performance. This study was cross-sectional, and survey questionnaires were used to collect data from participants. The questionnaire was distributed to employees of Thai organizations that manufacture sports goods. For this purpose, convenience sampling was used, and 75.78 percent of the responses were usable. For data analysis, PLS 3.3.2 was utilized. According to the study's findings, trust does not affect team cohesion. Additionally, team cohesion does not mediate between confidence and performance. However, the remaining relationships were deemed significant. The study's findings are beneficial for policymakers and academics.(AU)